ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF TABLET AND CAPSULE

ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF TABLET AND CAPSULE

INTRODUCTION:

            Tablets and capsules are parts of many type of dosage forms. Liquid dosage forms such as syrups, suspensions, emulsions, solutions and elixirs usually contain one dose of medication in 5 to 30 ml. the oral route administration is the most important method for systemic effects. In topical route administration, which has been employed with nitro-glycerine for the treatment of angina and scopolamine for motion sickness, there would be effective drug absorption for systemic drug action of drugs that are administered orally. This can be represent by the solid oral dosage forms such as tablets and capsules which are the most preferred class of products of two forms as tablet has many advantages. One of the advantages is tablet is an essentially tamper proof dosage form.

           The standard quality control tests such as diameter, size and shape, uniformity of weight, thickness, hardness, friability, percentage of medication (assay), rate of disintegration, dissolution and solubility can be carried out on compressed tablets for their evaluation. The aim of these evaluations is to study the effect of composition of formulations in drug release rate.

            Tablet diameter is an important test that has to be carried out. Tablet thickness can be measured by micrometer or by other device.  The thickness of the tablet should be controlled within a ± 5% variation of standard value. Hardness can be defined as the strength of the tablet to withstand the pressure applied. The hardness of the tablet depends on the weight of the material used, space between the upper and lower punches at the time of compression and pressure applied during compression. It is also depends on the nature and quantity of recipients used during formulation. Tablet thickness is important in tablet packaging. Tablet that is very thick will affects the packaging either in blister or plastic container.

            Friability test can be performed to evaluate the ability of the tablets to withstand abrasion in packing, handling and transporting. To examine this, tablets are subjected to a uniform tumbling motion for specified time and weight loss is measured. The breakage of tablet into smaller fragments is called disintegration of tablet. The dissolution test represent the release of drug from tablet into solution per unit time under standardize condition. The disintegration testing is used as surrogate for the dissolution of solid oral dosage forms, since it is recognized that the disintegration into smaller particles is essential for the absorption by the body.

There are five experiment in this assessment ;

1.Uniformity of diameter, thickness and hardness

2. Tablet friability

3.Uniformity of weight of tablets and capsules

4. Dosage performance test

5. Content of ibuprofen